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Gravel Calculator: Cubic Yards and Tons of Gravel You Need

Last updated Researched from specs, manuals and owner reviews, not tested in person

Quick answer

Multiply area in square feet by depth in inches and divide by 324 for cubic yards, then multiply by about 1.4 for tons of typical gravel. A 10 by 20 foot path at 3 inches deep needs about 1.85 cubic yards, roughly 2.6 tons, and compacted crusher run needs about 15 percent extra.

Gravel is ordered by the cubic yard or by the ton, and bagged at the store by the half cubic foot, so the same job can be quoted three ways. Enter the area, depth and material, and the calculator returns cubic yards, tons, bags and how many trips it takes to move, including extra for materials that compact. For bed mulch or lawn soil, use the mulch calculator or the topsoil calculator.

Gravel calculator

Gravel needed

1.85 cubic yards

Move, spread and hold it in place

Top matches update when you calculate.

On this page
  1. How much gravel do I need for my area?
  2. How much does a cubic yard of gravel weigh?
  3. How deep should gravel be?
  4. How is the gravel calculation done?
  5. Can I haul gravel in a pickup truck or wheelbarrow?
  6. Do I need landscape fabric under gravel?

How much gravel do I need for my area?

Gravel by area and depth (cubic yards and tons at 1.4 t per yd)
Area2 in3 in4 in6 in
100 sq ft0.62 yd, 0.9 t0.93 yd, 1.3 t1.23 yd, 1.7 t1.85 yd, 2.6 t
200 sq ft1.23 yd, 1.7 t1.85 yd, 2.6 t2.47 yd, 3.5 t3.7 yd, 5.2 t
300 sq ft1.85 yd, 2.6 t2.78 yd, 3.9 t3.7 yd, 5.2 t5.56 yd, 7.8 t
500 sq ft3.09 yd, 4.3 t4.63 yd, 6.5 t6.17 yd, 8.6 t9.26 yd, 13 t
1000 sq ft6.17 yd, 8.6 t9.26 yd, 13 t12.35 yd, 17.3 t18.52 yd, 25.9 t

How much does a cubic yard of gravel weigh?

Typical gravel weights
MaterialTons per cubic yardPounds per cubic yardPounds per cubic footHalf cubic foot bag
Pea gravel1.35 tons2,700 lb100 lb50 lb
Crushed stone (3/4 in, #57)1.4 tons2,800 lb104 lb52 lb
Crusher run or road base1.5 tons3,000 lb111 lb56 lb
River rock1.35 tons2,700 lb100 lb50 lb
Decomposed granite1.3 tons2,600 lb96 lb48 lb
Lava rock0.6 tons1,200 lb44 lb22 lb

How deep should gravel be?

Recommended gravel depth by project
ProjectDepthNotes
Garden path or walkway2 to 3 in pea gravel or decomposed graniteOver compacted soil and landscape fabric, with edging
Patio or fire pit area2 in top layerOver 4 in of compacted crushed base
Driveway, new4 to 6 in base plus 2 to 3 in top layerBuild in compacted layers; a geotextile helps on soft soil
Driveway, refresh2 in top layerRake and regrade first
Drainage or French drainPer drain designWashed crushed stone wrapped in fabric
Decorative beds2 to 3 inRiver rock or lava rock over woven fabric

How is the gravel calculation done?

  • Cubic yards = area in square feet x depth in inches / 324 (that is, square feet x depth / 12 / 27)
  • With compaction = cubic yards x (1 + compaction allowance), about 10 percent for crushed stone and 15 percent for road base and decomposed granite
  • Tons = cubic yards x density, about 1.3 to 1.5 tons per yard for most gravel
  • Bags = cubic feet / 0.5 for common half cubic foot bags

A circular area uses 3.1416 x radius x radius for the square footage. For a driveway built in layers, run the calculator once for the base layer and once for the top layer, since they are usually different materials.

Can I haul gravel in a pickup truck or wheelbarrow?

Check the payload first. A cubic yard of gravel weighs about 2,700 to 3,000 pounds, which is more than the payload of many half-ton pickups, so one yard is often a full load and a compact truck may only carry half a yard. For more than a couple of yards, delivery is usually cheaper than multiple trips and safer for the truck. On site, a 6 cubic foot wheelbarrow filled with gravel is very heavy: fill it only halfway, or use a two-wheel barrow like the Jackson MP1010 10 cu ft Poly 2-Wheel Wheelbarrow or a dump cart such as the Gorilla Carts Poly Dump Cart, 1,500 lb, 10 cu ft rated for heavier loads. A steel stone rake like the Bully Tools 7-Gauge 16-Tine Stone Rake spreads gravel evenly, and a hand tamper such as the Bully Tools Steel Hand Tamper compacts small base areas. See wheelbarrow vs yard cart.

Do I need landscape fabric under gravel?

For paths, patios and decorative stone, yes: a woven barrier keeps gravel from sinking into the soil and slows weeds. Commercial-grade fabric such as the DeWitt Pro-5 Weed Barrier Fabric (6 x 250 ft.) lasts far longer under stone than thin spun fabric. For loose pea gravel paths, cellular stabilizer grids like the Vodaland 2 in. GeoCell Gravel Grid (9 x 17 ft.) hold stones in place and reduce ruts. Solid edging keeps gravel out of the lawn: steel edging such as the Edge Right Hammer-In COR-TEN Steel Edging (5 x 48 in.) or no-dig plastic edging both work. See the best landscape edging.

Frequently asked questions

How many tons of gravel do I need for a driveway?

For a 12 by 50 foot driveway refreshed with 2 inches of gravel, you need about 2.2 cubic yards, roughly 3 tons. Building a new driveway with 4 inches of compacted base plus 2 inches of top stone needs about 5 to 5.5 cubic yards in total, around 7 to 8 tons. Order base and top layers separately, and add 10 to 15 percent for compaction.

How much area does a ton of gravel cover?

A ton of typical gravel at about 1.4 tons per cubic yard is roughly 0.71 cubic yards. At 2 inches deep that covers about 115 square feet, at 3 inches about 77 square feet, and at 4 inches about 58 square feet. Lighter materials such as lava rock cover much more area per ton, so always check the weight of the specific product.

How many bags of gravel equal a yard?

A cubic yard is 27 cubic feet, so it takes 54 half cubic foot bags to equal one yard of gravel. That is typically well over a ton of bagged stone. For anything more than about a quarter to half a yard, bulk delivery is usually far cheaper per yard than bags, even after a delivery fee.

What is the best gravel for a walkway?

Pea gravel is comfortable to walk on and drains well but shifts underfoot, so it works best with edging and a stabilizer grid. Decomposed granite or fine crushed stone with dust compacts into a firmer surface that is easier for wheelbarrows and older walkers. Crushed stone of about 3/8 inch locks together better than rounded stone. Use 2 to 3 inches over compacted soil and landscape fabric.

Should gravel be compacted?

Base layers for driveways, patios and paver bases should be compacted in lifts of about 2 to 4 inches with a plate compactor or hand tamper. Angular crushed stone and road base compact well; rounded pea gravel and river rock do not compact meaningfully and are used as loose top layers. Plan extra material for compaction on base layers.

Researched, not professional advice. This page is compiled from published specifications, manuals, labels and owner-review consensus, not hands-on testing. Follow the manufacturer's instructions and product label, and consult a qualified professional where safety, chemicals, fuel or structures are involved. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases.